Adapted fromPromoting Cultural Diversity and Cultural Competency, accessed December 2010. Organization Science, 15, 657670. Culture isn't simply an individual response or taste or desire but it is deeply integrated into our society. The following is a reference guide; a glossary of terms and language commonly used in dialogue regarding diversity, equity, inclusion, and social justice. Essentially, cultural diversity is about bringing people together from a diverse set of backgrounds and cultures, then creating an environment that not only recognizes the differences between those cultures and backgrounds, but celebrates them. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. This shapes life at home and in the workplace as well as ideas about women in society in general. Patriachal values can also be harmful to the health of girls and women. (d) facilitate the implementation of the Action Plan, the main lines of which are appended to the present Declaration, Main lines of an action plan for the implementation of the UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity. With the increasing prevalence of international business as well as diversification of the domestic workforce in many countries, understanding how culture affects organizational behavior is becoming important. In the face of present-day economic and technological change, opening up vast prospects for creation and innovation, particular attention must be paid to the diversity of the supply of creative work, to due recognition of the rights of authors and artists and to the specificity of cultural goods and services which, as vectors of identity, values and meaning, must not be treated as mere commodities or consumer goods. It might seem like we're posing an obvious question here, but anthropologists and other social scientists have spent a lot of time thinking about this question. 2. Define the four dimensions of culture that are part of Hofstedes framework. Taylor is at the beginning stages deciding on a topic for her speech. The American ads were found to be too aggressive for the Japanese culture, where direct product comparisons are rare and tend to make people uncomfortable. Dr. Belfield continues to have valuable experiences, lifelong mentors, and friendships that have made her personal and professional life quite meaningful and fulfilling. By opening the lines of communication in the planning phase of the project, Convergys was alerted to this important cultural difference in time to change the plans (Fisher, 2005). When attempting to startle or shock your audience as an attention-getting technique, you should ask all of the following except. Culture as all encompassing gives us rules for how to structure our life. Academy of Management Journal, 43, 10971106. Diversity generally involves things that may significantly affect some people's perceptions of othersnot just any way people happen to be different. UExcel Cultural Diversity: Study Guide & Test Prep, Instrumental Values: Definition & Examples, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, What Is Culture? B. If you have ever visited a country different from your own, you probably have stories to tell about what aspects of the culture were different and which were similar. Building peace in the minds of men and women. What are the types of preparations you would benefit from doing. BIBLIOGRAPHY Do countries have uniform national cultures? It is a function of both the number of different species in the community (species richness) and their relative abundances (species evenness). Culture and organizations. Encouraging "digital literacy"and ensuring greater mastery of the new information and communication technologies, which should be seen both as educational disciplines and as pedagogical tools capable of enhancing the effectiveness of educational services. She earned a bachelors degree in psychology from Mansfield University, a masters degree in social relations from Lehigh University, and a doctorate degree in educational leadership from Wilmington University. FILL OUT OUR SURVEY. Ruth Fulton Benedict (18871948), originator of the configurational approach to culture, was a mature woman when she en, Cultural Relativism Freeborders, a software company based in San Francisco, California, found that even though it was against company policy, Chinese employees were routinely sharing salary information with their coworkers. This broad way of thinking about culture also relates to the way that it is integrated in our society. Dr. Belfields current research interests include: self-efficacy; the mentor-mentee relationship in higher education; and the impact of multiple social identities (race, gender, social class) on personal, social, academic, and career functioning. Try to understand all its dimensions and seek the commitment of those involved to nurture cultural diversity. Another cultural practice with severe health consequences is female genital mutilation, which is performed on young girls in many African and Middle Eastern nations. Fostering the mobility of creators, artists, researchers, scientists and intellectuals and the development of international research programmes and partnerships, while striving to preserve and enhance the creative capacity of developing countries and countries in transition. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12, 738753. Many women today wear high heels and tight shoes that deform their feet, with painful consequences in old age. Student Login >. What is your culture? It is important because it gives us a shared sense of meaning and helps us understand and make sense of our world. Japans uncertainty avoidance is associated with valuing job security, while in uncertainty-avoidant Latin American cultures, many job candidates prefer the stability of bigger and well-known companies with established career paths. Cultural context can profoundly affect the transmission of disease. Culturally determined characteristics include: the language spoken at home; religious observances; customs (including marriage customs that often accompany religious and other beliefs); acceptable gender roles and occupations; dietary practices; intellectual, artistic, and leisure-time pursuits; and other aspects of behavior. Culture (/ k l t r /) is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups. Freedom of expression, media pluralism, multilingualism, equal access to art and to scientific and technological knowledge, including in digital form, and the possibility for all cultures to have access to the means of expression and dissemination are the guarantees of culturaldiversity. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. Why is cultural diversity a good thing? In contrast, collectivistic cultures are cultures where people have stronger bonds to their groups and group membership forms a persons self identity. In this chapter, we highlighted research findings showing how culture affects employee expectations of work life such as worklife balance, job security, or the level of empowerment. Fisher, A. Culture generally refers to the shared values and beliefs in a society. Promoting linguistic diversity in cyberspace and encouraging universal access through the global network to all information in the public domain. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. 2023, Purdue University Global, a public, nonprofitinstitution. Culture is also a system of signs and meanings. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Which of the following is NOT an effective attention-getting technique? Your identity is tied to the most . Cultural diversity This type of diversity is related to each person's ethnicity and it's usually the set of norms we get from the society we were raised in or our family's values. Mac and PCs overseas adventures; globalizing Apples ads meant tweaking characters, clothing and body language. You can also promote diversity in your job ads and provide targeted internships. It can also be widely shared beliefs about things like marriage, family, or gender roles. Added 11/23/2021 9:19:15 AM This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. In fact, this may be one way to detect peoples individualism-collectivism level. Aperian: Helping companies bridge cultures. For example, you mustnt decide to reject an applicant for a job simply because theyre Asian, female or a person with disabilities. presenting evidence for specific ideas contained in the speech, An effective introduction accomplishes all of the following EXCEPT, Use off-color humor to upset the audience. Josh and Arielle, along with other members of their group, feel like outsiders to the dominant culture. whose cultural backgrounds differ from your own. Many of these messages, such as encouraging the use of mood-altering substances and sexual promiscuity, are potentially harmful to health. Cultural diversity supports the idea that every person can make a unique and positive contribution to the larger society because of, rather than in spite of, their differences. In the following sentences, underline the main verb once and the helping verb or verbs twice. While respect is the most common diversity issue in the workplace, there are many other problems you should be aware of. Species diversity is a measure of community complexity. Uncertainty avoidance may influence the type of organizations employees are attracted to. An ethnic group refers to people who are closely related to each other through characteristics such as culture, language, and religion.3 There are many ethnic groups in the United States, due in large part to its immigrant population; each of these groups contributes to Americas cultural heritage. Sex and gender can be used in the traditional sense of male and female employees. The chapter begins by examining the broad arenas of difference, diversity, and diversity management, as they have become established in organization and management studies. Presently, international business is not necessarily conducted between pairs of countries. Why do you think the League of Nations was unwilling to stand up to the aggression of the Japanese and the Italians? Individualism-collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinityfemininity are four key dimensions in which cultures vary. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. Such actions have, unfortunately, often been encouraged by the tobacco industry and advertisers of beer and other alcoholic drinks. In fact, when it comes to culture, we are like fish in the sea: We may not realize how culture is shaping our behavior until we leave our own and go someplace else. . | 15 High power distance cultures are hierarchical cultures where everyone has their place. Ergeneli, A., Gohar, R., & Temirbekova, Z. In these cultures, values are not separated by gender, and both women and men share the values of maintaining good relationships. Cultural diversity is a mainspring for sustainable development for individuals, communities and countries. Those who, for religious reasons, abstain from tea, coffee, alcohol, and tobacco have smaller risks of getting cancer of the gastrointestinal or respiratory tract than others of similar social, economic, and residential background. In our increasingly diverse societies, it is essential to ensure harmonious interaction among people and groups with plural, varied and dynamic cultural identities as well as their willingness to live together. Other culturally shaped illnesses include: "heart distress" in Iran; "semen loss" in South Asia; and "susto" in Latin America. Further recallingArticle I of the Constitution, which assigns to UNESCO among other purposes that of recommending "such international agreements as may be necessary to promote the free flow of ideas by word and image". According to the American Psychological Association, personal identity is an individual's sense of self defined by (a) a set of physical, psychological, and interpersonal characteristics that is not wholly shared with any other person and (b) a range of affiliations (e.g., ethnicity) and social roles. Despite being our most frequent activity, ______is also one of our least developed skills. Such values may sometimes be over-ridden by short-term priorities such as job security or financial gain. Learn more about online programs at Purdue Global and download our program guide. (b) serve as a reference point and a forum where States, international governmental and nongovernmental organizations, civil society and the private sector may join together in elaborating concepts, objectives and policies in favour of cultural diversity; The speaker reduces the chances of alienating the members of the audience. As a result of these trends, understanding the role of national culture for organizational behavior may provide you with a competitive advantage in your career. Behavioral Approaches to Leadership, 12.4 What Is the Role of the Context? Incorporating, where appropriate, traditional pedagogies into the education process with a view to preserving and making full use of culturally appropriate methods of communication and transmission of knowledge. Intervene in an appropriate manner when you observe others engaging in behaviors that show cultural insensitivity, bias, or prejudice. Cultures vary across the globe but every society has culture. I feel like its a lifeline. Source: Adapted from information in Geert Hofstede cultural dimensions. International Studies of Management & Organization, 10(4), 1541. This diversity is embodied in the uniqueness and plurality of the identities of the groups and societies making up humankind. Many learners experience different cultures, religions, and philosophies for the first time in college. No one may invoke cultural diversity to infringe upon human rights guaranteed by international law, nor to limit their scope. C)they motivate high levels of individual and collective task performance. Larger numbers of species and more even abundances of species lead to higher species diversity. For example, in societies such as Iran, Greece, and Turkey, extended family members may see each other several times a week. During the planning phase, the Indian vice president pointed out that because Indian food is served hot and employees would expect to receive hot meals for lunch, building a cafeteria that served only sandwiches would create dissatisfied employees. Having different cultures in the workplace is more common in multinational companies. Collectivistic societies emphasize conformity to the group. National Virtual Translation Center. In India and other parts of Asia, traffic flows with rules of its own, with people disobeying red lights, stopping and loading passengers in highways, or honking continuously for no apparent reason. The defence of cultural diversity is an ethical imperative, inseparable from respect for human dignity. When passing people who are more powerful, individuals are expected to bow, and the more powerful the person, the deeper the bow would be (Pornpitakpan, 2000). Encyclopedia of Public Health. not think too much about your topic as it will come to you. Write sentence using the vocabulary word listed below, leaving blank where the vocabulary word would go. Cultural Diversity encompasses all of the following factors except A. Cultures high in uncertainty avoidance prefer predictable situations and have low tolerance for ambiguity. 4. For example, a cultural ideal in the U.S. that is deeply ingrained is the idea that women should be primarily responsible for child care. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 16, 229243. Companies are realizing that doing international business provides access to raw materials, resources, and a wider customer base. For example, Convergys, a Cincinnati-based call-center company, built a cafeteria for the employees in India. Personnel Psychology, 52, 359391. White B. Hispanic C. African-American D. Asian American C. African-American The five-factor model of personalty encompasses all of the following personality factors EXCEPT O.C.E.A.N B. Socialibility The disposition to be curious, unconventional, and imaginative is most closely related to which of the five personality factors theorized by the Big 5 theory of personality? universal areas of human interaction; the AF Culture and Language Center developed the model depicted in the image below, which has twelve cultural domains. When political totalitarianism and religious zealotry flourish, women usually suffer oppression disproportionately compared to men, and this can adversely affect their health and longevity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 10061020. That sounds simple, but diversity encompasses race, gender, ethnic group, age, per-sonality, cognitive style, tenure, organizational function, edu-cation, background, and . Imagine that you will be sent to live in a foreign country different from your own in a month.